70 year old male with With CVA

 RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL SPECTRUM, DIAGNOSTIC AND OUTCOME PREDICTORS OF PATIENTS WITH ENCEPHALOPATHY BY     DR. HARI PRIYA POST GRADUATE IN GENERAL MEDICINE DEPARTMENT KAMINENI INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES KALOJI NARAYANA RAO UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES   Loading… INTRODUCTION •ENCEPHALOPATHY is a broad term for any diffuse disease of the brain that alters brain structure or function. The hall mark of encephalopathy is altered mental status. •Encephalopathy may be caused by bacteria, virus, or prion, metabolic or mitochondrial dysfunction, ischemic or hypoxic ,brain tumour or increased intracranial pressure, long standing exposure to toxic substances like  drugs, radiation, solvents, paints, industrial chemicals, and certain metals, trauma,  poor nutrition, or lack of oxygen or blood flow to the brain.     •In febrile illness, multiple pathogenic mechanisms can contribute to the encephalopathy. Pathological process can directly affect the central nervous system or indirectly affectin

  57 YEAR OLD MALE PATIENT CAME WITH C/O OF SLURRED SPEECH 4PM ON 5/08/2023 C/O RIGHT UPPER LIMB &LOWER LIMB WEAKNESS SINCE 4PM. PATIENT PRESENTED TO CASUALITY WITH ALTERED SENOSIRUM SINCE 4PM HOPI: PATIENT HAS A H/O SLURRED SPEECH AND H/O RIGHT UPPER LIMB AND LOWER LIMB WEAKNESS SINCE THEN ASSOCIATED WITH FALL. NO LOC, NO ENT BLEED NO H/O FEVER, BURNING MICTURITION, LOOSE STOOLS NO H/O SOB, PALPITATIONS, ORTHOPNEA, PND HISTORY OF PAST ILLNESS: NOT A K/C/O HTN,DM,EPILEPSY, THYROID DISORDERS. O/E: GCS-E5 V4 M5 BP- 90/60MMHG PR- 68BPM CVS- S1S2 + RS- NVBS + SPO2- 97% ON RA CNS- TONE: RIGHT LEFT UL INCREASED INCREASED LL INCREASED INCREASED POWER: UL &LL COULDNT ELICIT REFLEXES: B +++ ++ T + + S + + K - + A - - P FLEX FLEX PUPILS- B/L CONSTRICTED, SLUGGISH REACTIVE COURSE OF ADMISSION: PATIENT WAS ADMITTED I/V/O ABOVE MENTIONED COMPLAINTS. NECESSARY INVESTIGATIONS WERE DONE. MRI FINDINGS- ACUTE INFARCT IN LEFT CAUDATE AND LEFT LENTIFORM NUCLEUS (MCA TERITORY) AGE OF INFARCT 16-24H

  74 YEAR OLD FEMALE PATIENT WAS BOUGHT TO CASUALITY WITH GENERALISED WEAKNESS SINCE 3 DAYS HOPI: PATIENT WAS APPARENTLY ALRIGHT 3 DAYS BACK TODAY PATIENT ATTENDER SAW HER ON THE FLOOR WITH HER CLOTHES STAINED WITH FAECES AND MICTURTION NO FOOD INTAKE SINCE LAST 3 DAYS NO C/O CHEST PAIN , FEVER , SOB , PALPITATIONS NO VOMITINGS , LOOSE STOOLS SHE IS ABLE TO LIFT HER HANDS AND LEGS PAST HISTORY : N/K/C/O HTN , DM 2 , THYROID DISORDERS , CVA , CAD PERSONAL HISTORY: MIXED DIET APPETITE LOST BOWEL AND BLADDER - REGULAR ADDICTION : REGULAR 180 ML DAILY ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION SINCE 10 YEARS GENERAL EXAMINATION: PATIENT IS CONSCIOUS,COHERENT,COOPERATIVE NO SIGNS OF PALLOR,ICTERUS,CLUBBING,CYANOSIS ,LYMPHADENOPATHY,EDEMA VITALSTEMP- 99.9 F PR- 124 BP RR-22 CPM BP-120/70MMHG SPO2- 99% AT RA CVS- S1,S2 HEARD , NO MURMERS RS- BLAE PRESENT , NO ADDED SOUNDS P/A- SOFT, NON TENDER NO ORGANOMEGALY CNS- RIGHT LEFT TONE : UL N N LL N N POWER : UL 4/5 4/5 LL 4/5 4/5 REFLEXES BICEPS + 2 +2 TRICEPS +2 +2 SUP

  60 year old male with loss of consciousness  May 06, 2024  A 60 years old male patient came to casuality with loss of consciousness at 2 Am  HOPI :  Patient was apparently alright and asymptomatic 12 days and then he experienced slip and fall on 15/4/24 and was taken to government hospital there he was diagnosed as intertrochanteric hip fracture and then shifted to ot there they have undergone surgery . On 17/4/24 patient developed altered sensorium and is so irritable and for further four days he is under observation of doctors and the concerned doctors did not inform the accurate cause to the patient attenders and then he was discharged  After discharge patient was at home with same irritable condition and altered sensorium for four days and again on 24/4/24 he suddenly developed SOB and then the patient attenders  admitted him to hospital there he had undergone CT brain suggested age related changes and for SOB they followed conservative treatment and altered sensorium is present